Benefits of Dates

Muslims generally break their fast by eating dates. Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) is reported to have said: "if anyone of you is fasting, let him break his fast with dates. In case he does not have them, then with water. Verily water is a purifier."
The Prophet(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) used to break his fast by eating some dates before offering Maghrib prayer, and if ripe dates were not available, he used to substitute them with some dried grapes. When they too were not available, he used to have a few sips of water, according to some reports. Modern science has proved that dates are part of a healthy diet. They contain sugar, fat and proteins, as well as important vitamins. Hence the great importance attached to them by the Prophet(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam).

Dates are also rich in natural fibres. Modern medicine has shown that they are effective in preventing abdominal cancer. They also surpass other fruits in the sheer variety of their constituents. They contain oil, calcium, sulphur, iron, potassium, phosphorous, manganese, copper and magnesium. In other words, one date is a minimum of a balanced and healthy diet. Arabs usually combine dates with milk and yogurt or bread, butter and fish. This combination indeed makes a self-sufficient and tasty diet for both mind and body. Dates and date palms have been mentioned in the Holy Qur'an 20 times, thus showing their importance. The Prophet likened a good Muslim to the date palm, saying, "Among trees, there is a tree like a Muslim. Its leaves do not fall."

Sayyidah Mariam(alaiyhas salaam) mother of Isa(alaiyhis salaam) had dates as her food when she felt labour pains and during confinement. They are definitely the "crown of sweets," and ideal food which is easy to digest, and within half an hour of taking it, the tired body regains a renewed vigour. The reason for this is that a shortage of sugar in the blood is the main factor that makes people feel hungry and not an empty stomach as is often assumed. When the body absorbs the nutritional essence of a few dates, the feeling of hunger becomes appeased. When one breaking the fast with dates takes some other food afterwards, he cannot eat much. It would seem that breaking the fast with dates then helps one avoid excessive eating.

Experiments have also shown that dates contain some stimulants that strengthen the muscles of the uterus in the last months of pregnancy. This helps the dilation of the uterus at the time of delivery on one hand and reduces the bleeding after delivery on the other. Dieticians consider dates as the best food for women in confinement and those who are breast-feeding. This is because dates contain elements that assist in alleviating depression in mothers and enriching the breast-milk with all the elements needed to make the child healthy and resistant to disease. The Prophet (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) has emphasized the importance of dates and their effectiveness in the growth of the fetus. He has also recommended they be given to women. Modern dietary institute now recommend dates to be given to children suffering from a nervous nature or hyperactivity. The Prophet (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) has also recommended dates as a medicine for heart troubles, according to some reports. Modern science has also proved the effectiveness of date, in preventing diseases of the respiratory system.

Sayyidah Ayisha, (R.A.) wife of Prophet (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam), used to prescribe dates for those suffering from giddiness. It is now well known that a fall in the level of the sugar in the blood and low blood pressure are among the causes of giddiness. She was also reported to have used dates combined with cucumber to treat her over-slim condition! She said, "they've tried to fatten me giving me everything. But I did not become fat. Then they fattened me with cucumber and ripe dates and I gained!" Ayisha was quite correct, as we now know that one kilogram of dates contains nearly 3,000 calories which alone are sufficient to supply the minimum daily requirements of an active man for one full day.

Dates are rich in several vitamins and minerals. When the level of trace elements falls in the body, the health of the blood vessels is affected leading to an increased heart-rate and a consequent inability to perform its function with normal efficiency. As dates are also rich in calcium, they help strengthen the bones. When the calcium content in the body decreases, children are affected with rickets and the bones of adults become brittle and weak.

Dates are also important in keeping up the health of eyes. It is quite effective in guarding against night-blindness. In the early years of Islam, dates served as food for Muslim warriors. They used to carry them in special bags hung at their sides. They are the best stimulant for muscles and so the best food for a warrior about to engage in battle. Read More..

Toxoplasma Before He Attacks You and Your Baby!

You are pregnant or planning to be pregnant? You better be aware of this parasites. This parasite called Toxoplasma gondii and cause disease called Toxoplasmosis. Actually, this disease can affect anyone and both men and women, including pregnant women or not.
These parasites are usually used as the host animals mainly cats (definitive host) in addition to other animals that may also be infected such as birds and fish. Geographically, most infections occur in warm climates and rarely rarely in cold climates or mountain. Besides eating undercooked meat also increased the rates of these infections.
Parasite contamination
Toxoplasma can enter into your body in various ways. First, accidentally swallowing cat feces containing toxoplasma eggs. This way you lot do not realize, for example menyetuh mouth with hands that have been contaminated as after gardening, cleaning up cat food or other goods that have been contaminated.

Second, these parasites can also enter if you are eating meat from contaminated animals terlah cooked and not cooked. Cyst form of these parasites can be entered with this meat. Third, in other ways may be through contaminated water. And a rare, if you receive transpantasi organs or blood transfusions from donors who have been contaminated.

Generally Not Cause Symptoms
Posed form of the disease would be different if you are in good health with a pregnant or if you suffer from lack of immune system (immune system). If in good health, the disease generally does not cause any symptoms or illness resembling influenza is usually accompanied by enlargement of regional lymph nodes are painful. Severe symptoms may occur as the brain and eye damage that occurs primarily in people with immune deficiencies such as HIV / AIDS.

Be found on the Babies
What matters is if the parasites attack the pregnant mother. The results of research conducted in Indonesia, found more than 80% positive for toxoplasma in the placenta baby miscarried. The results indicate enough relationship between toxoplasma infection and miscarriage.

Toxoplasma infected fetus that is likely to experience miscarriage, fetal death, stunted fetal growth, premature birth, hydrocephalus, micro-oftalmia (small size of the eye), choriorenitis (inflammation of the retina of the eye), blindness, deafness, brain lesions, as well as organ damage wide. Severity of symptoms depends on the time-infected pregnant women. If occurs in the first trimester, chances are 15-20%, in the second trimester likely 25-30%, whereas in the third trimester 60% chance the baby will come along with her mother infected.

However, the younger the gestational age, the more severe symptoms will be experienced because the fetus in early pregnancy occurs organ formation, followed by the maturation of the organ until the baby is born. But 90% of infected infants did not cause any symptoms (asymptomatic) at the time the baby was born. New symptoms occur several months or even years after the baby is born.

Who's At Risk
If you've never before has this disease, your body will form antibodies that name. These antibodies will protect you and your baby from the next attack even toxoplasma during pregnancy.

However, this will only reduce your risk factors for contracting back not protect you 100%. Therefore, you still have to guard against this parasite. You are allowed to get pregnant again, if the infection is cured at least 6 months before you plan to become pregnant again.

So, one of toxoplasma at risk for fetal weight is annoying pregnant mothers for the first time infected by toxoplasma. In the mother's body was not found antibodies. In addition, people with low immune systems such as in people with AIDS, recipients of chemotherapy, organ transplant recipients are at risk to suffer severe toxoplasma.

Am I infected?
If you're new to become pregnant, your health professional may advise you to do pre-marital testing (testing before marriage) is one of them is a test TORCH (Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes). In the case of toxoplasma was examined levels (titer) of antibodies against Toxoplasma your body. If proven in your body there is an adequate antibody titer, as has been mentioned above, will reduce the risk factor severe toxoplasma.

If you are already pregnant, this antibody titer test can be done. With this test can be expected when you're infected, whether you have been hit since before the new pregnancy or when pregnancy occurs. Besides microscopic tests can also be done to find the parasite in the blood. If possible toxoplasma DNA testing can be an option.

This test is useful because if the result is suspicious, your health professional can conduct further investigation to support such ultrasound, amniocentesis (sampling of amniotic fluid) that acts as well as medication can be given accordingly. Surely this will prevent things worse will happen.

Prevent
What can you do to prevent the entry of these parasites in your body, the following description:
Avoid eating raw meat or undercooked, as well as fruits and vegetables that have not been washed.
Avoid brushing or touching eyes face while preparing food.
Wash cutting mats, plates, and other cooking utensils with hot, sudsy water after contact with raw meat.
Cook to boiling water and avoid drinking milk that has not been in pasteurization.
As far as possible to control the insects that can spread like a cat droppings, flies and cockroaches.
If you have a pet cat, do not let you roam outside the home that increase the likelihood of contact with toxoplasma.
Ask other family members to help you clean your cat, including bathing, washing cages, where to eat.
Give your cat to eat the cooked makananan well.
Make periodic checks on the health of your cat.
Use plastic gloves when you have to clean up cat feces, should be avoided.
Wash hands before eating and after contact with raw meat, soil or cat.
Use plastic gloves if you garden, especially if there are wounds on your hands.

However, not all potentially infect cats toxoplasma, but only cats or other animals suffering from toxoplasma are a source of disease. Associate, maintain and have a healthy cat will not cause pain. Prevent this disease by early so that your baby can be born safely. Read More..

Mendodaki Plant Efficacy of India

Mondokaki often planted as an ornamental plant in the garden and in the parks. Originally from India, spread across Southeast Asia and other tropical areas and can be found from the lowlands to 400 m above sea level.
These shrubs grow up to 0,5-3 m high, much branched, round, woody stem, milky sap contains. Leaves single, short-stemmed, thick as the skin, where the deal crossed. Leaf blade shape oval or ellipse, the tip and the base tapering, flat edge, bone pinnate leaves, the smooth glossy surface, 6-15 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, green color. Short flower stalks, leaves out of the armpit, one or a pair, with a few flowers. The crown is usually double flowers, white, yellow Tengan section, 5 cm in diameter, and fragrant. The fruit is fruit box, a long round, and hairy. Seeds fleshy, webbed, and red. These plants have roots upside, silindrik shape, 1-5 cm in diameter, yellow, outer surface is like a thin foam that is not easily peeled off.
Propagation by cuttings or grafting.

The nature and Benefits
Mondokaki have a sour taste, its cool. Potent antidote (antitoksik), reliever fever (antipirektik), pain reliever (analgesic), anti-inflammatory, lowers blood pressure (hypotension), relieving phlegm (expectorant), and intestinal worms remover (anthelmintik).

Chemical Ingredients
Mondokaki contains alkaloids and resins. Bark and roots contain tabernaemontanin, koronarin, koronandin, dregamin, vobasin, amirin, Korin, kortin, and lipeol.

Part Used
Plant part used for medicine is the root, bark, and leaves. Consumption in the form of fresh or dried.

Indication
Roots used for treatment:

Sore throat, cough,
Kidney stones,
Diarrhea, abdominal pain,
Itching in the anus as pinworms,
Broken bones (fractures), back ache, toothache,
Abscess around the anus, and
The bite of poisonous animals such as scorpions.
Leaves used unutk treatment:

High blood pressure (hypertension),
Inflammation of the breast (mastitis),
Inflammation of the eye, early-stage cataracts, vision impaired,
Cough with phlegm,
Bitten by a mad dog, and
Sprain.
How to Use
For drugs taken, boiled roots (15 - 30g), and drinking water. For external use, milled leaves mondokaki sufficiently. For external use, milled leaves mondokaki sufficiently until smooth, then use to plaster sore, sore breasts, wounds, and ulcers.

Pharmacological effects and Research Results
--

Example usage Diarrhea
Wash roots mondokaki (10-15 g), then slice thinly. Boiled with three glasses of clean water until the remaining one cup. Once cool, strain and drink little by little.

Toothache
Wash the roots clean taste, chew with teeth that hurt, and discard pulp. Do it 3-4 times a day.
Worm pinworm
Wash roots mondokaki (four fingers), then slice thinly. Boiled with three glasses of clean water until the remaining one cup. Half cold, strain and drink as well as at night before bed. Do other than three days in a row.
Kidney stones
Prepare the root mondokaki thin slices (15 g), herbs tempuyung (sonchus arvensis) (60 g), and leaves the cat whiskers (Orthosiphon spicatus) (90 g). Wash all fresh ingredients, and stew with three glasses of water to one cup tertersisa. Once cool, strain and drink the water at once PAGA morning before eating. Boil pulp again and drink the afternoon.
Continue every day until the stone clean.
Abscess around the anus
Cut the roots mondokaki (90 g), and boiled with three glasses of water until the remaining one cup. Once cool, strain and drink twice a day, each half a glass.
Coughing up phlegm
prepare fresh ingredients mondokaki leaves (10 pieces), leaves, cumin (coleus amboinicus) (7 pieces), and leaves sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) (10 pages). Wash all the ingredients, then boiled with three glasses until remaining one cup. Once cool, strain and drink as well in the morning before eating. Boil pulp again and drink in the afternoon.
Do it every day until cured.
Early-stage cataracts, bloodshot eyes, unclear vision
wash fresh leaves to taste, then rinse with water to cook. Mash until smooth, then squeezed and strained with a piece of sterile gauze. Water feelings can menyejukan if dropped on a sore eye.
Wounds, skin irritation
mondokaki leaves washed sufficiently, then mash until smooth. Water Kompreskan feelings with a piece of gauze in the scab and the wound.
Breast Inflammation
Prepare in the form of fresh leaf material mondokaki (10 sheets), and leaves god (10 sheets), and half a handful of rice that have been soaked for 15 minutes. Wash all the ingredients, then milled until smooth. Add two tablespoons of salt water, stirring evenly. Use this mixture to plaster the affected breast, and dressing. Do it two times a day until healed.
Notes
The use must be careful and measured dose Read More..

Nature versus Nurture

Anxiety is a part of human nature, a survival mechanism that has evolved to protect us, and the problems it can bring, in themselves, reflect what it means to be human:-
- worrying (planning ahead)
- physical symptoms (eg. increased heartrate/breathing to prepare us for action)
- even obsessive compulsive behaviour (the need for order and control)
All are deeply ingrained in human make-up to help us survive.

However, when we talk about nature versus nurture in regard to anxiety problems we are usually referring to the cause of the problem: is it due to nature (a faulty gene, brain structure, chemical imbalance or disease) or nurture (the environment we live in, our experiences, learning and conditioning)?

The answer, of course, is both - but what role does each actually play?

Genetic information passed from parent to child could contain much more than we are aware of today, possibly even passing on hopes, fears and desires - such things being an integral part of a person's make up. Without doubt a parent that has lived a life 'surviving' with OCD (or depression or high anxiety etc.) will pass
such 'survival' information to their offspring.

However, all such information can only be in the form of predispositions - ways to behave given the 'right' (although negative) conditions for the inherent information/potential behaviours to flourish. This must be the case, for adaption (survival) purposes - it would not be sensible to be born into an unknown environment with 'fixed' attitudes/behaviours. Eg. it would not be appropriate to be constantly fearful in an environment of love.

So - genetics is important in the form of predispositions: coded information from our ancestors to help us survive/ thrive in various environments ... but it is the environment in which we live that controls whether these predispostions flourish or wither and die.


Let's look at OCD, for example, being a major problem that current trends proffer 'nature' as the cause:

OCD represents trying to get control over 'unseen' forces and dangers - through rituals (there is no other way to attempt to get control over powerful negative forces that control us other than by rituals), ordering (to have everything ordered, in control) etc. Given the right (wrong) set of life circumstances, it is not surprising that many turn to ordering / rituals to try and get control over relentless, uncontrollable anxiety (It's not called an anxiety disorder for nothing).
But it's the environment and fears/anxieties that have been learned and conditioned that drive this need to get control (to assuage the fears).Genetic history may enhance this or not.

Note also that a parent with OCD not only promotes direct learning (as a role model) but often treats their children in such a way (over cautious, negatively due to their own problems etc.) that may promote fears and anxieties. A child with OCD from a parent with OCD does not confirm a genetic link as the cause.

Included in the 'nature' argument is the idea of physical brain differences being the cause of OCD - they are not, they are the result of it, and many books that proffer this cause go on to say that the brain can be changed by learning (to a non-OCD state) - yes it can, just as it is changed in the first place to an OCD state by learning and conditioning.

This change of brain state obviously involves changes in levels (usually deficiencies) of such things as neurotransmitters (generally Dopamine and Serotonin are the ones frequently mentioned), proteins AND EVEN GENES. [The work of Barbara McClintock in the 1950's -originally ignored by her peers, later awarded the Nobel prize for her work showing that genes in plants change in stressful environmental conditions (whole sequences of DNA moving from one place to another). This is in plants - imagine what could be really happening in humans!]

And so, science may find brain structure changes, neurotransmitter level differences, protein diffrerences, genetic differences in those with OCD - BUT all these changes are, more logically, the result of the OCD not the cause. Manipulating these factors can only (as the failure of modern medications as a cure already confirms) alleviate some symtoms for they never touch the cause.

The environment must be the overriding factor - these problems are psychological and the answer is psychological - reconditioning and relearning our attitudes, beliefs and fears ... in effect, re-changing our brain and probably in doing so, altering a part of our genetic make up. Read More..

Appropriate Way Of Dealing With Your Allergy

Although allergy is a common disease among the people, until now the awareness of this disease is still low. And to cope with allergies precise handling is required so that allergy is not a disease that will cause other diseases more dangerous.
Thus expressed by experts from the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department of Medicine FKUI / RSCM Jakarta, Dr. Iris Rengganis, SpPD, KAI in educational media themed "Do not ignore allergies! Allergies can interfere with the activity and reduce the quality of life "at Hotel Le Meridien, Jakarta (21/10).

Dr. Iris mentioned that allergy is a reaction to deviate from the body associated with elevated levels of immunoglobulin E, which is a mechanism of immune system.

He also explained that the tendency to allergy is influenced by two factors of genetic and environmental (external to the body). This is one explanation for why an increase in the possibility of getting allergies.

One that can be done is to control the environment so that "no harm" (eg avoiding house dust mites like carpet, cotton, velvet on the sofa or Gordyn, good ventilation in the house / room, away from people who are smoking, avoid foods that are known often cause allergies (such as milk, eggs, seafood, chocolate) and avoid cockroaches and pet dander.



Dr. Iris Rengganis, SpPD, KAI (far right) in discussion themed
"Do not Ignore allergies! Allergy can disrupt activity and Lowers Quality of Life '


Allergy symptoms may include itching, sneezing, and shortness of breath. Type of allergy many kinds. There are two diseases that are common allergies, allergic diseases are associated with breathing such as asthma and allergic rhinitis (sneezing and runny nose repeatedly, especially in the morning) and allergic diseases associated with skin such as hives (gidu-biduran/kaligata) and atopic dermatitis ( eczema).

Allergic rhinitis disease is usually characterized by sneezing, itchy nose, runny or stuffy nose and difficulty breathing, while the eyes feel itchy, red and watery. If the disease is allowed, will likely develop into sinusitis.

Hives (gidu-biduran/kaligata) is a skin disorder characterized by bumps, redness, and itching. Although the symptoms are manifestations of allergic disease, but the cause is often not due to allergens. It is estimated that during his life some 15-25 percent of people have experienced hives.

Specific symptoms usually appear swollen hives, redness and itching. If the cause is known, for example from food (such as milk, eggs, fish, nuts) is meant to avoid these foods.

Arzeti Bilbina, presenter and mother of three children, sharing stories that he was suffering from allergy to seafood, "Every time I eat seafood, especially shrimp, usually straight out of my body a red and itchy, it is so disturbing, after the doctor suggested that I avoid seafood and anti-allergy medicine if needed, "said Arzeti.

One of the recommended treatment in the treatment of allergy is the provision of anti-histamine drug from the latest generation as cetirizine dihidroklorida. Unlike the first generation antihistamines, the latest-generation antihistamines are generally reduces drowsiness, and some are anti-inflammatory lightly. Currently, anti-histamine cetirizine dihidroklorida have entered into Compulsory Drugs Pharmacy category of POM that can be purchased at the pharmacy through a doctor's prescription. Read More..

Pineapple fruit benefits

Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.)
Synonym: A. Sativus Schult., Ananassa sativa Lindl., Bromelia comosa L.
Familia: Bromeliaceae.
Description:
Pineapple comes from Brazil. In Indonesia, pineapple planted in gardens, yards, and other places that get enough sunlight at an altitude of 1-1300 m above sea level. Pineapple is a fruit crop that is always available throughout the year.

Herbaceous annual or biennial, 50-150 cm tall, shoots are crawling on the base. Leaves gathered in roset roots at the base and widens into a midrib. Leaf blade of a sword, a thick, clay, 80-120 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, pointed toes like a thorn, the thorn stick curved upward, the underside of the scaly white, green or reddish green.
Compound interest are arranged in a very tight grain, located terminals and long-stemmed. Buni compound fruit fruit, round, long, fleshy, green, if cooked color to yellow. Pineapple fruit tastes good, sour to sweet. Small seeds, are often not so. Eating fruit other than in person, can also be preserved by boiling and sugar, made jam, or syrup is made.

Pineapple fruit can also be used to provide sweet-sour flavor, as well as a meat tenderizer. Fibrous leaves can be made yarn or tall. Pineapple fruit plants can be propagated by crown, bud stems, leaves or axillary buds.

Local Name:

Sumatra: ekahauku (Enggano), anes (Aceh), nas (Gayo), henas, kenas, honas, Annas (Batak), Gona (Nias), ASIT, nasit (Mentawai), enas, Kanas, pineapple (Malays), odd , naneh (Minangkabau), Kanas, kanyas, nas, nyanyas (Lampung). Java: danas, malignant (Sunda), pineapple (Java); Lanas, pineapple (Madura): Kalimantan: Kanas, samblaka, malacca, uro usan, usan wood, wood ujan, teens. Nusa Tenggara: heating (Bali), pineapple (Sasak), aruma, fanda, Pandal (Bima), panda (Sumba), nana (Sawu), bicycles, anana, sword (Flores), parangena, nanasi (Taluud). Sulawesi: tuis mangandow, na'asi, nanasi, tuis, ne tuis Walanda, foam, areca (Ut.Alf.) nanati (Gorontalo), lalato (Buol), nanasi (Toraja), view (Makasar, Bugis), nuts, ekam , hedan (East). esne (Kisar), ngewu (Tanimbar). Maluku: ai rice, than baba-ba, kai rice (East Seram), bangkalo, kampora, kanasoi (West Seram), anasu, banggala, bangkala, kai nasu, kambala, Kampala (south Seram), arnasinu, kanasi, kurnasin, Mangala, nanasi (Amb.Alf.) nanasu, anasul (Ulias). Irian Jaya: Manilmap, miniap.

Foreign Name: Pineapple (I), Ananas (I; B; P; J), her cheek (Tag.).

Simplisia Name: Ananas Fructus (fruit of pineapple).

The nature and Benefits

Cold cooked fruit character, merit reduce discharge of excessive stomach acid, helps digest food in the stomach, anti-inflammatory, peluruh urine (diuretic), clearing the dead skin tissue (skin debridement), disrupt the growth of the cancer set, inhibits clotting of platelets (platelet aggregation), and a fibrinolitik activities.

Young fruit taste sour, stimulate potent digestive enzymes, antelmintik, diuretics, menstrual peluruh (emenagog), abortivum, peluruh sputum (mukolitik), and laxatives. Leaf efficacious antipyretic, antelmintik, laxatives, anti-inflammatory, and normalize the menstrual cycle.

Composition:

Fruit contains vitamins (A and C), calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium, dextrose, sucrose (sugar cane), and the enzyme bromelain. Bromelain potent anti-inflammatory, helps soften the food in the stomach, interfere with the growth of the cancer set, inhibits platelet aggregation, and has fibrinolitik activity. Fiber content can make bowel movements in people with constipation (constipation). Leaves contain Calcium oxalate and pectic substances.

Pharmacological effects and Research Results

Research on the influence of the addition of pineapple juice to the quality of cow's milk has been done. Apparently, the addition of 3.4 ml of pineapple juice obtained the lowest bacterial population, which is 37.60 x 10 'cells / ml and the highest fat content of 7.594%. On the addition of 3.2 ml of pineapple juice obtained the highest protein content of 19.138 ° Io (Noah M. Nasution, Department of Biology FMIPA UNAND, 1993).

Apparently, the enzymes contained in pineapple fruit nutritious fast debridement (experiments conducted on mice who had burns). Giving young pineapple extract as much as 0.2 ml in pregnant mice can be lethal embryos of mice when given at age 2 and 4 of pregnancy days. If given the age of 6 days of pregnancy, pregnancy and can continue a normal delivery (Mulyoto, FB UNSOED, 1986).

Utilization:

Part Used:
The part used is the fruit and leaves.

Indications:

Pineapple fruit used for the treatment of:
full feeling in the stomach,
constipation,
sore throat,
lose weight,
beri-beri,
sprains, swelling beaten,
simple blood clot (blood coagulation),
atherosclerosis (narrowing of blood vessels),
inhibit tumor growth,
enhance absorption (absorption) drugs,
late period, and
worms.

How to use:
For drugs taken, pineapple fruit juice 1/2-2 medium size or can also be shredded, and then drink.
To use externally, peeled pineapple fruit, and scarring. Parutannya on Turapkan results ailing body parts, such as cleaning dead tissue (debridement) of burns, dandruff, ulcers, ulceration, and inflammation of the skin (dermatitis). Another way, pounded leaves of pineapple until smooth, then the balurkan burns, ulcers, and itching.

Example Usage:
- Parasitic Worms
1 pineapple peeled young fruit, then wash it clean. Next, rinse with water to cook, and scarring. Squeeze clan parutannya filter results, then the child minumkan wormy little by little.

- Sprain, bruised due to shock
Peel the fruit 1 ripe pineapple, cut into pieces, then blended. Drinking water is collected at the same time.

- Sore throat
2 Peel the pineapple fruit has been cooked, then wash it clean. Cut into pieces, then blended or grated. Next, squeeze with a clean piece of cloth. Drinking juice is collected, 3 times a day, every time a 1 / 3 part.

- Inflammation of the skin (dermatitis), dandruff
Provide 1 / 2 fruit ripe pineapple. Peel the skin, and scarring. Results parutannya used to rub the scaly skin and peeling, both in the scalp or other parts of the body. Do it once a day, the night before bed. The next morning just washed. Do it every day.

- Dandruff
Provide 1 / 4 ripe pineapple fruit. Peel the skin, then grated, squeezed, and strained. Add juice of 1 orange juice and stir until blended. Use this mixture to rub the scalp of dandruff. Do it the night before bed. The next morning wash hair. Do it 2-3 times a week.

- Losing weight
1 Peel the pineapple fruit is not too ripe, then wash it clean. Cut into pieces, then blended or grated. Next, squeeze using a piece of clean cloth and water to drink and feelings directly. Apply 2 times a day.

- Constipation
3 peeled fruit is not ripe pineapple, then wash it clean. Next, juice or grated, then squeezed. Drinking water after eating her feelings, 2 times a day, each just 1 / 2 cup.

- Beri-beri
2 Peel the pineapple fruit is ripe, then wash it clean. Next, juice or grated, then squeezed. Feelings as well as drinking water. Should be taken in the morning or afternoon after eating.

- Burns, itching and sores
Wash the pineapple leaves thoroughly, then mash until smooth. Balurkan on the affected part.

- Pain management in the stomach for digestion disrupted
Pineapple juice 3 times a day each 3 / 4 cup (150 cc). Apply 1 / 2 hour before meals.

Note:

Pregnant women are prohibited to drink young pineapple fruit juice.
Pineapple fruit in the gastrointestinal tract is fermented into alcohol that can cause a recurrence of arthritis Gout.
Patients with diabetes mellitus (diabetes mellitus) is recommended to limit the consumption of pineapple for fruit sugar content of ripe fruit is high enough. Read More..

Efficacy of guava fruit

Guava (Psidium guajava Linn) originated from Central America. These plants can grow well in lowlands and highlands. Generally planted in the garden and in the fields. Guava tree is a branching shrubs many, the high may reach 12 m. The amount of fruit varied from a diameter of 2.5 cm up to more than 10 cm.

Cashew is favored by the general public who are soft and thick, fleshy, sweet, a little seed and large-sized fruit. Several types of unseeded guavas include Sunday Market guava, Psidium Bangkok, Palembang guava, guava breadfruit, cashew apple, guava juice, red guava and cashew brittle red.

Of the various types of fruit, guava contains vitamin C which is the highest and contain enough vitamin A. Compared to other fruits such as oranges have vitamin C 49 mg/100 grams of material, vitamin C content of guava 2-fold. Vitamin C is very good as antioxidants. Most vitamin C is concentrated guava skin and outer flesh soft and thick.
Vitamin C content of guava peak near mature. In addition to a reliable supplier of vitamin C, guava is also rich in fiber, especially pectin (water soluble fiber), which can be used for preservative gel or jelly. Other benefits of pectin for lowering cholesterol is the binding of cholesterol and bile acids in the body and helps expenditures. Research conducted Singh Medical Hospital and Research Center Morrabad, India showed guava can lower total cholesterol and blood triglycerides and blood pressure of essential hypertension.
Table guava nutrition content in 100 grams

Gynecology	Amount	Gynecology	Amount
Energy	49,00 ka	Vitamin C	87,00 mg

Edible part and 82%

Guava also contains tannins, which have sepat on fruit but also facilitate the functioning digestive system, blood circulation, and is useful for attacking viruses.


Reduce the risk of heart disease up to 16%

Guava also contains potassium which functions increases heart rate regularity, activates muscle contraction, regulate delivery of substances other nutrients to body cells, control the fluid balance in the body's tissues and cells. Research conducted Singh Medical Hospital & Research Center Morabad, India showed that guava can lower total cholesterol and blood triglycerides and blood pressure of hypertension patients. Because of the high lycopene content was, in Indonesia red fruit juice is often used to increase platelet levels of dengue fever patients. According to Drs. James Cerda eat guava with 0.5 to 1 kg / day for 4 weeks the risk of heart disease can be reduced by 16%.

In guava lycopene is also found in non-nutrient substances other than fiber potential. Lycopene is karatenoid (important pigment in plants) found in the blood (0.5 moles per liter of blood) and also has anti-oxidant activity. Epidemologis research lycopene studies conducted on Italian researchers, including 2706 cases of oral cavity cancer, tekek, esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum, if the increased consumption of lycopene, especially on the guava-red flesh, seedy and taste nice to have an effect on the body provides protection from some types of cancer.

Besides the benefits of guava to maintain cardiovascular health and blood vessels and prevent cancer, strengthen the immune system against disease, promote health gums, teeth and capillaries and helps absorption of iron and wound healing. Guava also potent anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrhea and stop the bleeding, for example in people with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).

Red Guava Can not Heal DHF
Red guava is believed to increase blood platelet levels fall during dengue fever. But the truth is medically red rose can not necessarily cure dengue fever. "Red Guava only to increase the power bodies," said Dian Afianti doctor Roemani Hospital, Semarang, Central Java.

So if you are suffering from dengue fever should still needed medical treatment. More importantly dengue fever should be prevented by keeping the environment clean and eradicate mosquitoes and larvae nest-jentiknya. Read More..

Red Onion and Adventurous Fiber Foods - To Lower Blood Sugar levels

DIABETES mellitus (DM) is often called the laity "diabetes", is a disorder that has the characteristics of high blood sugar levels. Diabetes means "flowing hold" because the sufferer is always drinking and in large quantities, then keep the form of urine flow urine alias. While mellitus means "sweet", because urine contains glucose, aka sufferer's blood sugar that taste sweet.
IN essence, Council of Ministers due to the hormone insulin that people with inadequate or ineffective, so can not work normally. In fact, the normal person, insulin has a major role regulate blood sugar levels; approximately 60-120 mg / dl in the fasting state, and below 140 mg / dl at two hours after eating.

There are two categories of the most common DM, ie diabetes type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes type 1, DM diidap by 5-10 percent of patients, usually occurs in children or young adults. While type 2 diabetes, DM diidap by 90-95 per cent of all people with diabetes, increase in number, especially in minority populations.

Diabetes is found in all populations and age groups, but the increase in the number of patients in the elderly group (elderly) and people were black, Hispanic, Native American, and Asian people.

The Congressionally-Established Diabetes Research Working Group (1999) reported that although deaths due to diseases of cancer, stroke, and cardiovascular disease tend to decrease since 1988, mortality due to diabetes increased by about 30 percent. The average life expectancy of people with diabetes on average 15 years shorter than those who did not suffer.

In Indonesia, especially in the urban community, diabetes, a disease classified as prominent today.

Waspadji research in 1982 found that 1.7 percent of patients have diabetes in Jakarta, and in 1992 climbed to 5.7 percent. Epidemiological studies in Depok in 2001, cooperation Perkeni (Association endocrinologist Indonesia) and the Ministry of Health, the number of people with diabetes have 6.2 percent. (Kompas, 5 November 2001). Most diabetes cases found in Indonesia in Manado which reached 6.1 percent. (Kompas, May 29, 2002).

Based on 1998 WHO records, the number of diabetics in Indonesia ranked the 6th largest in the world after India, China, Russia, Japan, and Brazil. The number of diabetics in Indonesia is expected to increase to 12 million people in the year 2025. The increase of 250 percent of 5 million people in 1995 took place with increasing elderly population and changing life styles, ranging from the types of food consumed to reduced physical activity.

Over the centuries, more than 400 plants successfully identified as a "drug" diabetes. In Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, raw onion has long become a favorite choice of food to control blood sugar. In Puerto Rico, Cuba, and Santo Domingo, pariah been widely used as a "medicine" for traditional diabetes.

Recent studies show that consumption of foods high in fiber, particularly soluble fiber, may improve control of blood sugar in type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted by Dr. Manisha Chandalia and colleagues from Medicine Section and the Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.

Efficacy of tolbutamide in the red onion

Shallots have long occupied an honored place in medicine as "medicine" of diabetes. Modern research shows, red onions have a "power" lowering blood sugar, and power have on levels found in food.

Indian researchers who make gifts of red onion, both in the form of onion juice and "round" alias is still intact, for 25-200 grams of the subjects studied, found that more and more onion given, the greater the blood sugar decreases. There was no difference between raw red onion and red onion that has been boiled.

According to the theory of the research team, red onion affect sugar metabolism in the liver, or the release of insulin metabolism, and / or prevent the destruction of insulin. "Agent" who may have the ability of hypoglycemia, lower blood sugar levels, it is active allyl propyl disulfide and allicin. Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that allyl propyl disulfide lower blood sugar by increasing the "lifetime" (lifespan) of insulin.

In fact, already since the year 1923 scientists detect the presence of depressor blood sugar in the onion, and in the 1960s, researchers managed to isolate compounds of onion antidiabetes which works similarly to the general antidiabetes pharmaceutical drugs, known as tolbutamide, which is often used to reduces blood sugar levels. How it works is that tolbutamide stimulates insulin synthesis and expenses. In guinea pigs, onion extract showed, 77 percent as effective as standard dose of tolbutamide.

Other research results show, red onion have the effect of lowering blood sugar and fat. Therefore, it is recommended to add the red onion into every meal. Shallots can be used after a meal in the amount of free.

Soluble fiber in natural foods

High levels of blood sugar is a major problem in diabetes. Research shows that the fiber has a strong effect on blood sugar control.

In the study conducted Chandalia et al, 13 with type 2 diabetes were asked to follow two diets, each for six weeks. The first diet is a diet that contains moderate amounts of fiber (total fiber, 24 g; 8 g fiber, 16 g of soluble and insoluble fiber), as recommended American Diabetes Association. Meanwhile, the second diet is high fiber diet (50 g total fiber, each 25 g fiber, soluble and insoluble fiber) containing the full composition of natural food fiber.

Both diets, prepared in the kitchen of research, containing macro nutrients and energy are the same (see Table). Chandalia et al then compared the effects of these two diets to control blood sugar and blood fat levels.

The result? Patient-diabetics who consume 50 g total fiber per day, equal to 7 to 8 servings of fruits and vegetables, high fiber diet aliases have blood sugar levels lower and more stable than-diabetic patients who consumed moderate fiber diet. High-fiber diet also lowered blood total cholesterol level of about 7 percent.

How precise mechanisms high-fiber diet can improve blood sugar control, is not clear. However, it is thought to be caused by a type of soluble fiber gum and pectin that can slow gastric emptying, and even slow down or reduce the absorption of blood sugar.

Chandalia et al study also showed that the intake (intake) high soluble fiber may be achieved by eating natural foods which are full of fiber. High-fiber diet and little side effects were well received by the patient. Therefore, to increase consumption of fiber, the people with diabetes are encouraged to eat natural foods full of fiber compared with fiber preparations or supplements.

Laden foods fiber used for high-fiber diet in the study Chandalia and friends is a dish of fruit cocktail, fresh oranges, fresh pineapple, fresh papaya, peaches (peaches) fresh cherries, fresh tomatoes, corn, zucchini, green beans, whole-wheat bread, and oatmeal (oatmeal and oat bran). Fruit, especially citrus and pineapple, green beans, and oatmeal is a source of soluble fiber is good.

Nurfi Afriansyah, Researcher at the Center for Nutrition and Food Research & MOH

Source: Kompas, Tuesday, February 11, 2003 Read More..

Selected List of Medications approved by the AAP for use in breastfeeding mothers (AAP list revised 8/04)

Unlike women in general, pregnant and lactating mothers have dietary restrictions and also the necessity of consuming food. below we present a list of taboos and what should be consumed by pregnant women and lactating mothers

Generic name	Trade Name	AAP approved?*	Pregnancy Risk Category**	Lactation Risk Category**
Analgesics (Pain-killers) [more]
Acetaminophen	Tylenol	Approved	B	L1
Colchicine	Colchicine	Approved	D	L4
Nefopam	Acupan	Approved	-	NR
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDs) [more]
Azapropazone (apazone)	Rheumox	Approved	-	L2
Dipyrone (banned in the US & UK)	-	Approved	-	NR
Flufenamic acid	-	Approved	-	NR
Ibuprofen	Advil, Nuprin, Motrin, Pediaprofin	Approved	B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.)	L1
Indomethacin	Indocin	Approved	B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.)	L3
Ketorolac	Toradol, Acular	Approved	B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.)	L2
Mefenamic acid	Ponstan, Ponstel	Approved	-	NR
Naproxen	Anaprox, Naprosyn, Naproxen, Aleve	Approved	B	L3 L4 (for chronic use)
Phenylbutazone	Butazolidine	Approved	-	NR
Piroxicam	Feldene	Approved	B	L2
Suprofen	Profenal	Approved	-	NR
Tolmetin	Tolectin	Approved	C	L3
Narcotic analgesics [more]
Butorphanol	Stadol	Approved	B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.)	L3
Codeine	Tylenol #3, #4	Approved	C	L3
Fentanyl	Sublimaze	Approved	B	L2
Meperidine	Demerol	Approved	B	L2 L3 (if used early postpartum)
Methadone	Dolophine	Approved	B	L3
Morphine	Morphine	Approved	B	L3
Propoxyphene	Darvocet N, Propacet, Darvon	Approved	C	L2
Anesthesia, Anesthetics [more]				[contents]
Halothane	Fluothane	Approved	C	L2
Lidocaine	Xylocaine	Approved	C	L2
Methohexital	Brevital	Approved	B	L3
Thiopental	Pentothal	Approved	C	L3
Antacids, GI meds				[contents]
Cimetidine (Antacid)	Tagamet	Approved	B	L2
Cisapride (GI tract stimulant)	Propulsid	Approved	C	L2
Domperidone (used for nausea & vomiting, stimulates lactation) [more]	Motilum	Approved	-	L1
Antibiotics				[contents]
Amoxicillin	Larotid, Amoxil	Approved	B	L1
Aztreonam	Azactam	Approved	B	L2
Cefadroxil	Ultracef, Duricef	Approved	B	L1
Cefazolin	Ancef, Kefzol	Approved	B	L1
Cefotaxime	Claforan	Approved	B	L2
Cefoxitin	Mefoxin	Approved	B	L1
Cefprozil	Cefzil	Approved	C	L1
Ceftazidime	Ceftazidime, Fortaz, Taxidime	Approved	B	L1
Ceftriaxone	Rocephin	Approved	B	L2
Ciprofloxacin [more]	Cipro	Approved	C	L3
Clindamycin	Cleocin	Approved	B	L3
Erythromycin	E-Mycin, Ery-tab, ERYC, Ilosone	Approved	B	L1 L3 early postnatal
Fleroxacin	-	Approved	-	NR
Gentamicin	Garamycin	Approved	C	L2
Kanamycin	Kebecil, Kantrex	Approved	D	L2
Moxalactam	Moxam	Approved	-	NR
Nitrofurantoin	Macrobid	Approved	B	L2
Ofloxacin	Floxin	Approved	C	L2
Penicillin	-	Approved	B	L1
Streptomycin	Streptomycin	Approved	D	L3
Sulbactam	-	Approved	-	NR
Sulfisoxazole	Gantrisin, Azo-Gantrisin	Approved	C	L2
Tetracycline	Achromycin, Sumycin, Terramycin	Approved	D	L2
Ticarcillin	Ticarcillin, Ticar, Timentin	Approved	B	L1
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	Proloprim, Trimpex	Approved	C	L3
Anticoagulants				[contents]
Bishydroxycoumarin (dicumarol)	-	Approved	-	NR
Warfarin	Coumadin, Panwarfin	Approved	D	L2
Anticonvulsants				[contents]
Carbamazepine	Tegretol, Epitol	Approved	C	L2
Ethosuximide	Zarontin	Approved	C	L4
Magnesium sulfate	Epsom salt	Approved	B	L1
Phenytoin	Dilantin	Approved	D	L2
Valproic acid	Depakene, Depakote	Approved	D	L2
Antifungals				[contents]
Fluconazole [more]	Diflucan	Approved	C	L2
Ketoconazole	Nizoral Shampoo, Nizoral	Approved	C	L2
Antihistamines [more]				[contents]
Dexbrompheniramine maleate with d-isoephedrine	-	Approved	-	NR
Fexofenadine	Allegra	Approved	C	L2
Loratadine	Claritin	Approved	B	L1
Terfenadine	Seldane	Approved	-	NR
Triprolidine	Actidil, Actifed	Approved	C	L1
Antivirals				[contents]
Acyclovir [more]	Zovirax	Approved	C	L2
Interferon-alpha [more]	Alferon N, Interferon Alpha	Approved	C	L2
Arthritis meds (see also: pain meds)				[contents]
Gold salts	Ridaura, Myochrysine, Solganal	Approved	C	L5
Asthma meds (see also: steroids)				[contents]
Dyphylline	Dilor, Lufyllin, Dyphylline	Approved	C	L3
Terbutaline	Bricanyl, Brethine	Approved	B	L2
Theophylline	Aminophylline, Quibron, Theo-Dur	Approved	C	L3
Contraceptives, Hormones [more]				[contents]
Estradiol	Estratab, Permarin, Menest	Approved	X	L3 (may interfere with milk production)
Clogestone	-	Approved	-	NR
Contraceptive pill with estrogen/progesterone	Preven, Seasonale, Norinyl, Norlestin, Ortho-Novum, Ovral, Lunelle injection, Ortho-Evra patch, etc.	Approved	X	L3 (may interfere with milk production)
Levonorgestrel	Norplant, Mirena, Plan B	Approved	X	L2
Medroxyprogesterone	Provera, Depo-Provera, Cycrin	Approved	D	L1 L4 (if used first 3 days postpartum)
Norethynodrel	Enovid	Approved	X	L2
Progesterone	Crinone, Prometrium	Approved	-	L3
Cough meds [more]				[contents]
Codeine	Tylenol #3, #4	Approved	C	L3
Noscapine	-	Approved	-	NR
Decongestants [more]				[contents]
Pseudoephedrine	Sudafed, Halofed, Novafed, Actifed	Approved	C	L3 (for acute use) L4 (for chronic use)
Diabetes meds				[contents]
Note: Insulin has not been reviewed by the AAP. Pregnancy risk category = B; Lactation risk category = L1.
Tolbutamide	Oramide, Orinase	Approved	D	L3
Diarrhea meds				[contents]
Loperamide	Imodium, Pepto Diarrhea Control, Maalox Antidiarrheal Caplets, Kaopectate II Caplets, Immodium Advanced	Approved	B	L2
** Note: Pepto-Bismol & Kaopectate (bismuth subsalicylate is the active ingredient in both) are not recommended for routine use by nursing moms, due to the association of salicylates with Reyes syndrome in children. [more]
Diuretics				[contents]
Acetazolamide	Dazamide, Diamox	Approved	C	L2
Bendroflumethiazide	Naturetin	Approved	D	L4 (may inhibit lactation)
Chlorothiazide	Hydrodiuril	Approved	D	L3
Chlorthalidone	Hygroton	Approved	D	L3
Hydrochlorothiazide	Hydrodiuril, Esidrix, Oretic	Approved	D	L2
Spironolactone	Aldactone	Approved	D	L2
Galactagogues (milk supply) [more]				[contents]
Domperidone	Motilum	Approved	-	L1
Heart, Blood Pressure meds  (Antiarrhythmics, Antihypertensives, Cardiac stimulants)				[contents]
Antiarrhythmics
Disopyramide	Norpace, Napamide	Approved	C	L2
Flecainide	Tambocor	Approved	C	L3
Mexiletine	Mexitil	Approved	B	L2
Procainamide	Pronestyl, Procan	Approved	C	L3
Quinidine	Quinaglute, Quinidex	Approved	C	L2
Antihypertensives
Captopril	Capoten	Approved	D	L3 (if used after 30 days)
Diltiazem/Diltiazem HCL	Cardizem Sr, Dilacor-XR, Diltiazem, Cardizem CD	Approved	C	L3
Enalapril/Enalapril Maleate	Vasotec	Approved	C (1st trim.) D (2nd, 3rd trim.)	L2
Hydralazine	Apresoline	Approved	C	L2
Labetalol	Trandate, Normodyne	Approved	C	L2
Methyldopa	Aldomet	Approved	C	L2
Metoprolol	Toprol XL, Lopressor	Approved	B	L3
Minoxidil	Loniten, Minodyl, Rogaine	Approved	C	L2(topically) L3 (orally)
Nadolol	Corgard, Nadolol	Approved	C	L4
Nifedipine	Adalat, Procardia	Approved	C	L2
Oxprenolol	Apsolox, Slow-Trasicor, Trasicor	Approved	-	NR
Propranolol	Inderol	Approved	C	L2
Sotalol	Betapace	Approved	B	L3
Timolol	Blocadren	Approved	C	L2
Verapamil	Calan, Isoptin, Covera-HS	Approved	C	L2
Cardiac stimulants
Digoxin	Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps	Approved	C	L2
Laxatives [more]				[contents]
Cascara/Cascara Sagrada	-	Approved	C	L3
Danthron	-	Approved	-	NR
Magnesium sulfate	Epsom salt	Approved	B	L1
Senna	-	Approved	-	L3
Malaria meds				[contents]
Chloroquine	Aralen, Novo-chloroquine	Approved	C	L3
Hydroxychloroquine	Plaquenil	Approved	C	L2
Pyrimethamine	Daraprim	Approved	C	L4
Quinine	Quinamm	Approved	D	L2
Medical Testing [more]				[contents]
Diatrizoate	-	Approved	-	NR
Fluorescein	-	Approved	C	L3
Gadopentetic (Gadolinium)	-	Approved	C	L2
Iohexol	Omnipaque	Approved	B	L2
Iopanoic acid	Telepaque	Approved	D	L2
Metrizamide	Amipaque	Approved	B	L2
Metrizoate	Isopaque	Approved	B	L2
Migraine meds (see also: pain meds) [more]				[contents]
Sumatriptan	Imitrex	Approved	C	L3
Sedatives [more]				[contents]
Chloral hydrate	Aquachloral, Noctec	Approved	C	L3
Methyprylon (withdrawn from use in US & Canada)	-	Approved	-	NR
Bromide	-	Approved	D	L5
Secobarbital	Seconal	Approved	D	L3
Sleep Aids				[contents]
Zolpidem/Zolpidem Tartrate	Ambien	Approved	B	L3
Steroids				[contents]
Methylprednisolone [ high dosage methylprednisolone]	Solu-Medrol, Depo-Medrol, Medrol	Approved	C	L2
Prednisolone	-	Approved	C	L2
Prednisone	Deltasone, Meticorten, Orasone	Approved	C	L2
Thyroid meds [more]				[contents]
Carbimazole	-	Approved	D	L3
Methimazole (active metabolite of carbimazole)	Tapazole	Approved	D	L3
Propylthiouracil	PTU	Approved	D	L2
Thiouracil	-	Approved	-	NR
Levothyroxine	Synthroid, Levothroid, Thyroid, Levo-T, Levoxyl	Approved	A	L1
Tuberculosis meds				[contents]
Cycloserine	Seromycin	Approved	C	L3
Ethambutol	Ethambutol, Myambutol	Approved	B	L2
Isoniazid	INH, Laniazid	Approved	C	L3
Rifampin	Rifadin, Rimactane	Approved	C	L2
Vitamins [more]				[contents]
B-1 (thiamin)	-	Approved	-	NR
B-12 (Cyanocobalamin)	-	Approved	A	L1
B-6 (pyridoxine)	-	Approved	A	L2; L4 in high doses (may inhibit lactation)
D, vitamin	Calciferol, Delta-d	Approved	A	L3 (do not overdose)
Folic acid	-	Approved	A (1st, 2nd trim.) C (3rd trim.)	L1
K-1, vitamin (Phytonadione)	-	Approved	C	L1
Riboflavin/B2	-	Approved	A	L1
Miscellaneous				[contents]
Acitretin (Anti-psoriasis)	Soriatane	Approved	-	NR
Alcohol/Ethanol [more]	-	Approved	D	L3
Allopurinol	Zyloprim, Lopurin	Approved	C	L2
Antimony	-	Approved	-	NR
Atropine (Anticholinergic, drying agent)	Belladonna, Atropine	Approved	C	L3
Azapropazone/apazone (Antirheumatic)	Rheumox	Approved	-	L2
Baclofen (muscle relaxant)	Lioresal, Atrofen	Approved	C	L2
Barbiturate	-	Approved	-	NR
Caffeine [more]	Vivarin, NoDoz, Coffee	Approved	B	L2
Carbetocin (Antihemorrhagic)	Duratocin	Approved	-	NR
Chloroform	-	Approved	-	NR
Cisplatin (Anti-cancer)	Platinol	Approved	D	L4
Dapsone (Antileprosy)	Avlosulfon, DDS	Approved	C	L4
Hydroxychloroquine (Antirheumatic, lupus)	Plaquenil	Approved	C	L2
Iodides	-	Approved	-	NR
Iodine	-	Approved	-	NR
Iodine (povidone-iodine, eg, in a vaginal douche)	-	Approved	-	NR
Ivermectin (Antiparasitic)	Mectizan	Approved	C	L3
Nalidixic acid (Urinary Anti-infective)	NegGram	Approved	B	L4
Norsteroids	-	Approved	-	NR
Pyridostigmine (Muscle stimulant)	Mestinon, Regonol	Approved	C	L2
Scopolamine (Motion sickness)	Transderm Scope	Approved	C	L3
Sulfapyridine	Dagenan	Approved	-	NR
Timolol (glaucoma med)	Blocadren	Approved	D	L3
*  Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human Milk, revised September 2001.

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